Unit 15 We’re trying to save the manatees!
unit 15 we’re trying to save the manatees!
一、教学内容
unit 15 we’re trying to save the manatees!
二、学习目标：
1. 观察形容词在句中的作用，通过练习和运用加以巩固。
2. 学会表达自己的观点，并有充足的论据做支持。
3. 学会正确处理人与自然的关系。
三、教学重点难点：
本模块中的一些重点短语
四、重点词和短语
1. be endangered 濒临灭绝
endangered animals 濒临灭绝的动物
2. pass laws to do sth. 通过法律做某事
3. as you can see 正如你所见
4. ten feet long 十英尺长
eight meters high 八米高
two meters tall 两米高
twenty meters wide 二十米宽
5. be against doing sth. 反对做某事
be for doing sth. 赞成做某事
are you for or against? 你赞成还是反对?
【即学即用】
we are peace and war.
a. against; against b. for; for c. for; against d. against; for
6. be suitable for sb. 对某人适合
7. be surprised to do sth. 惊奇做某事
be surprised at… 吃惊于……
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是
8. living textbook 活生生的教材
9. provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
【即学即用】
last month, they much money the poor people.
a. provide; for b. provide; with c. provided; for d. provided; with
10. care for 关怀
take good care of sb. 照顾好某人
look after sb. well
care for sb. well
11. urge sb. to do sth. 强烈要求某人做某事
【即学即用】
the teacher urges his students on time when they do everything.
a. are b. being c. to be d. be
12. weigh 100 pounds 重100磅
lose one’s weight 减肥
13. average person 普通人
14. take one’s own bag 带某人自己的包
15. live close to 住得离……很近
close the door 关门
the door is closed. 门是关着的
be closed to sb. 与某人亲密
come very close 来得紧迫
16. hear of 听说
17. be built out of sth. 由……制造
18. be an inspiration to sb. 对某人是一个灵感
19. in one’s spare/free time 在某人空闲时间共6页，当前第1页123456
Unit 15 We’re trying to save the manatees!
20. he is the most careful student in the class. 他是班上最认真的学生。
she is a most/very unusual woman. 她是一个非常不寻常的女士。
五、重点、难点、考点及疑点注释
1. ...and help to educate the public about caring for them. ……并且帮助教育公众关爱它们。（section a, 3b）
care for表示“喜欢”，“关心”之意，后接名词或v-ing形式作宾语，take care of也有这个意思。
he cared nothing for skating. 他对滑冰没有兴趣。
in our class, we care for each other. 在我们班上，我们相互关心。
maria takes good care of everybody. 玛丽亚很关心大家。
【友情链接】care for还可以表示“照顾”，“照料”，相当于take care of或look after。
at night he fed and cared for the cattle. 夜里他照料牲口，给牲口喂食。
you must care for yourselves.
=you must look after yourselves.
你们要照顾好自己。
the children are well cared for in the nurseries.
=the children are taken good care of in the nurseries.
孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾。
2. you have probably never heard of amy winterbourne. 你可能从来没有听说过amy winterbourne。（section b, 3a）
【知识归纳】hear, hear from, hear of与hear that从句的用法：
（1）hear单独使用表示“听见”，“听到”，常用的结构有：
◎hear sb./sth. 听到某人或某物的声音
i can’t hear you at all. 我根本就听不到你的声音。
haven’t you heard anything? 难道你没有听到什么声音？
◎hear sb. do sth. “听到某人做某事”。
i often hear li ping read english in the morning.
我经常在早晨听到李平读英语。
◎hear sb. doing sth. “听到某人正在做某事”。
i heard him singing in the next room. 我听见他正在隔壁房间里唱歌。
特别提示：
hear sb. do sth. 指听到整个行动或整个事件；而hear sb. doing sth.是指听到了行动的一部分，有正在发生的意思。试比较：
i heard the boy go down the stairs. 我听到这个男孩走下楼去。
i heard the boy going down the stairs. 我听到这个男孩下楼的声音。
（2）hear from意为“收到……的信”；“得到……消息”。
how often do you hear from your father? 你每隔多久收到你父亲的信？
have you still not heard from him? 你还没有收到他的信吗？
i haven’t heard from him since he telephoned.
自从他打电话以来，我一直没有他的消息。
特别提示：
hear from的宾语是表示人的名词或代词，而不是表示信件的名词。
魔力纠错：
我们好几个星期未收到他的信了。
误：we haven’t heard from his letter for weeks.
正：we haven’t heard from him for weeks.
正：we haven’t got a letter from him for weeks.
（3）hear of意为“听说”，后面接名词，代词或动名词。
i’ve never heard of that before.我以前从未听说过那件事。
she disappeared and was never heard of again.
她不知去向了，再未听到她的消息。共6页，当前第2页123456
Unit 15 We’re trying to save the manatees!
（4）hear接从句，是“听说”的意思。
one day, the smiths heard that there was a good doctor in a town not far away.
一天，史密斯一家听说不远的镇里有一位好医生。
i hear that one of the pandas has a baby.
我听说其中一只熊猫生了个熊猫宝宝。
3. she is a most unusual woman. 她是一个十分不寻常的女性。（section b, 3a）
【知识归纳】a most, the most的用法
（1）a most的用法。在“a most+形容词+名词”结构中，most是副词，意为“很，非常”，相当于very, 用来修饰它后面的形容词，本句就是这一用法。
guilin is a most beautiful city.桂林是座非常美丽的城市。
this is a most interesting story.这是一个非常有趣的故事。
（2）the most 的用法
◎在“the most+形容词+名词”结构中,most 是副词，表示程度，意为“最”，与其后的形容词一起构成形容词的最高级。
he is one of the most famous writers in china. 他是中国最著名的作家之一。
this is the most difficult (one) of the three. 这是这三者中最难的。
4. the walls are made from old glass bottles that are glued together. 墙是由旧玻璃瓶粘在一起建成的。（section b, 3a）
be made from/of意为“由……（原料）制成”，后面一般接物质名词。接from则表示某物品制成后，已看不出原材料是什么，原材料在制作过程中已起了化学变化；接of表示某物品制成后，仍可看得出原材料，其原料在制作过程中仅起了物理变化。
nylon is made from air, coal and water.尼龙是由空气，煤和水加工制成的。
wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。
the desk is made of wood. 这桌子是由木头做的。
the shoes are made of cloth. 这鞋子是用布做的。
知识拓展：
◎be made up of表示某物或某组织由一种种成分或一个个成员组成。
the world is made up of matter. 世界是由物质构成的。
a tv set is made up of hundreds of different parts.
电视机是由数百个不同的零件组装成的。
◎be made into意为“把……做成……”，主语在意义上为原材料，介词宾语在意义上为制成品。
bamboo is also made into paper. 竹子也可以用来造纸。
◎be made in意思是“在……（地点）制造”，介词in后接产地。
this kind of computer is made in the usa.这种电脑是美国制造的。
this printing machine was made in beijing.这台印刷机是北京生产的。
◎be made by意思是“由……制造”，介词by后跟动作的执行者。
this model ship is made by uncle wang. 这个轮船模型是由王叔叔制作的。
【即学即用】
be made of, be made from, be made in, be made into, be made up of填空：
books paper and paper wood.
this kind of wine wheat.
these computers japan?共6页，当前第3页123456
Unit 15 We’re trying to save the manatees!
grapes can wine.
this team nine players.
5. amy recently won an award from the help save our planet society. 艾米最近获得了“救助地球”协会的奖励。（section b, 3a）
（1）recently 表示“最近”，多用于完成时态。
have you heard from michael recently? 你最近接到迈克尔的来信吗？
recently he has made quite a few mistakes. 最近他出了不少错。
（2）won an award中award是 “奖”的意思，相关词语有prize，reward和scholarship，这几个词都与“奖”有关。
（3）句中的win表示“赢”奖的意思。
at the national amateur song-writing contest, he won a first-class award.
在全国业余作曲比赛中，他获得了一等奖。
win可表示“赢得比赛，战斗”等，宾语一般是比赛，竞赛，战争等名词，与beat近义。
知识拓展：
win与beat的用法
两者在表示“赢”，“胜”的意思时，后面所接的宾语有所不同。“赢比赛或一场战斗”用win；“赢某人”是beat。
we won the match months ago. 几个月前，我们赢得那场比赛。
which side won the battle? 这一战谁打胜了？
but still we weren’t sure we could beat them.
但是我们还不能肯定我们能打赢他们。
dick beat john and won the game. 狄克打败了约翰，赢得了比赛。
六、语法：
“动词不定式”全搜索
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。
1. 作主语
动词不定式作主语时，常用作形式主语放在主语的位置，而将动词不定式（短语）放到句尾。如：
it’s a good habit to have breakfast every day. 每天吃早饭是个好习惯。
it’s easy to get lost in a big city like tokyo. 在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。
2. 作表语
动词不定式放在系动词后面作表语，通常说明主语的内容或性质。如：
your task is to clean your classroom. 你的任务就是打扫教室。
the old man’s job is to take care of the flowers in the garden.
这位老人的工作是照料花园里的花。
3. 作宾语
动词不定式常用在agree, decide, hope, learn, offer, plan, prefer, pretend, refuse, want, wish等及物动词后作宾语。如：
i want to know what i should do next. 我想知道我下一步做什么。
i decided to take the chance. 我决定抓住这次机会。
有的动词不定式作宾语，且在后面有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语。常用句型：think / consider / find + it + adj. + to do sth. 如：
i find it necessary to talk to tom once again. 我觉得再和汤姆谈一次很有必要。
4. 作宾语补足语
①动词不定式在ask, allow, advise, expect, remind, tell, urge, want, wish等及物动词后作宾语补足语。如：
i expect you to give me some help. 我盼望你给些帮助。
②动词不定式在“一感觉feel；二听listen to, hear；三使let, make, have；四看watch, see, look at, notice”等词后作宾语补足语时，通常省略to。如：共6页，当前第4页123456
Unit 15 We’re trying to save the manatees!
i saw your mom go into the shop. 我看见你妈妈进了商店。
5. 作定语
动词不定式作定语时，要放在所修饰的名词或代词后。如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，则该动词不定式须加上相应的介词。如：
new york is a good place to visit. 纽约是个游览的好地方。
there is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担忧的。
6. 作状语
①表目的
to catch the early bus, i got up early this morning.
为了赶上早班车，我今天早早就起床了。
②表结果
动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与too或enough连用。如：
the box is too heavy to carry. 这个箱子太重了搬不动。
there is enough time to catch the train. 有足够的时间赶上这班火车。
7. 动词不定式与疑问词连用
动词不定式与疑问词who, which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词的作用，可充当主语、宾语、表语等。
how to solve the problem is very important. 如何解决这个问题很重要。（作主语）
mr. green didn’t know what to say. 格林先生不知道该说什么。（作宾语）
my question is when to start. 我的问题是什么时候开始。（作表语）
“动词不定式”XX中考真题
1. it’s hard a job. （山东青岛）
a. to look for b. to find c. to find out d. to look at
2. mum, i’m hungry.
what about going to kfc hamburgers? （山东聊城）
a. eat b. to eat c. eating d. and eat
3. our parents often tell us not alone in the river in summer. （湖南长沙）
a. swim b. to swim c. swimming
4. i wondered what i should do next. （改为简单句）
i wondered what next. （内蒙古乌兰察布）
参考答案：1~3 bbb 4. to do
中考聚焦：
“时态与语态”XX中考真题
1. —where’s your mother, helen?
—she the flowers in the garden. （江苏镇江）
a. waters b. watered c. is watering d. has watered
2. simon his fingers when he was cooking the dinner. （江苏盐城）
a. burnt b. was burning c. has burnt d. had burnt
3. —do you know what the word “cool” means?
—of course. it by young people so often these years. （浙江绍兴）共6页，当前第5页123456
Unit 15 We’re trying to save the manatees!
a. uses b. is used c. was used d. is using
4. —it’s raining! when did it start?
—i don’t know exactly. in fact, it all this afternoon. （北京）
a. lasts b. has lasted c. lasted d. will last
5. —did you hear that water in tai lake smelt terrible?
—yes. in fact, it . that’s all because of the people and the factories around. （湖北黄冈）
a. polluted b. was polluted c. has polluted d. will pollute
参考答案：1~5 cabbb
共6页，当前第6页123456