小学英语语法总结
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ]
leaf——leaves
5.不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,
child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, chinese-chinese, japanese-japanese
写出下列各词的复数
i _________him _________this ___________her ______
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______
man______ woman_______
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【no. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：the sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：i get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：the earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如：
i am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语 行为动词( 其它)。如：
we study english.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：mary likes chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
【no. 2】一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语 be not 其它。
如：he is not a worker.他不是工人。共6页，当前第1页123456
一般疑问句：be 主语 其它。
如：-are you a student?
-yes. i am. / no, i'm not.
非凡疑问句：疑问词 一般疑问句。如：where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语 don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如：
i don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：
he doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：do( does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如：
- do you often play football?
- yes, i do. / no, i don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
- does she go to work by bike?
- yes, she does. / no, she doesn't.
动词 s的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
wash_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. he often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. daniel and tommy _______(be) in class one.
3. we _______(not watch) tv on monday.
4. nick _______(not go) to the zoo on sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the world cup?
6. what _______they often _______(do) on saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. the girl _______(teach) us english on sundays.
9. she and i ________(take) a walk together every evening.共6页，当前第2页123456
10. there ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. mike _______(like) cooking.
12. they _______(have) the same hobby.
13. my aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. you always _______(do) your homework well.
15. i _______(be) ill. i’m staying in bed.
16. she _______(go) to school from monday to friday.
17. liu tao _______(do) not like pe.
18. the child often _______(watch) tv in the evening.
19. su hai and su yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －what day _______(be) it today?
－ it’s saturday
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5.现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词不达意 be 主语 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词不达意 be 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：共6页，当前第3页123456
1.the boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. listen .some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. my mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. what _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. look . they _______________( have) an english lesson .
6.they ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.what is our granddaughter doing? she _________(listen ) to music.
9. it’s 5 o’clock now. we _____________(have)supper now
10.______helen____________(wash )clothes? yes ,she is .
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next
day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to do；
②will do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：i’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ i’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、同义句：be going to = will
i am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = i will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：
填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
i_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
i ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.我们将要学习英语
we _____ _______ _________ learn english.
we ________ learn english.
五、一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常
或反复发生的动作。
2.be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子共6页，当前第4页123456
否定句：didn’t 动词原形，如：jim didn’t go home yesterday.
动词过去式变化规则：
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work__-worked , cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d，如：live____lived
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母 y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-
ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-
swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ put ______
kick_________ pass_______ do ________
be动词的过去时练习（1）
name ____________ no. ______ date __________
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. i _______ at school just now.
2. he ________ at the camp last week.
3. we ________ students two years ago.
4. they ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. yang ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. there ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. there ________ some milk in the fridge on sunday.
8. the mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. i ______ an english teacher now.
2. she _______ happy yesterday.
3. they _______ glad to see each other last month.
行为动词的过去时练习（2）
name ____________ no. ______ date __________共6页，当前第5页123456
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. i ______ (watch) a cartoon on saturday.
2. her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. we _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last spring festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on sunday? yes, he ______.
6. gao shan _______ (pull) up carrots last national day holiday.
7. i ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. what ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? she __________ (find) a beautiful
butterfly.
六、人称代词和物主代词
主格宾格 形容词性 名词性
i me my mine
you you youryours
he him his his
she her her hers
itit its its
we us our ours
they them theirtheirs
习题
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. that is not _________ kite. that kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( i )
2. the dress is _________. give it to _________. ( she )
3. is this _________ watch? (you) no, it’s not _________ . ( i )
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is jack. look! those stamps are _________. ( he )
二、用am, is, are 填空
1. i ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? no, i _____ not.
2. the girl______ jack's sister.
3. the dog _______ tall and fat.
4. the man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. where _____ your mother? she ______ at home.
7. how _______ your father?
8. mike and liu tao ______ at school.
9. whose dress ______ this?
10. whose socks ______ they?